What are different types of access specifiers in C++? C++ access specifiers with examples.

 In C++, there are three different types of access specifiers:

1. Public: Public members are accessible from anywhere, both inside and outside of the class. Any function or object can access public members of a class.

2. Protected: Protected members are accessible from within the class and any derived classes. Outside of the class hierarchy, protected members are not accessible.

3. Private: Private members are accessible only within the class. They cannot be accessed from outside the class or by derived classes.

Here's an example that demonstrates the use of access specifiers:

c++
class MyClass {
public:
    int publicMember;    // Public member variable
    void publicMethod(); // Public member function

protected:
    int protectedMember;    // Protected member variable
    void protectedMethod(); // Protected member function

private:
    int privateMember;    // Private member variable
    void privateMethod(); // Private member function
};

void MyClass::publicMethod() {
    publicMember = 1;    // Accessible
    protectedMember = 2; // Accessible
    privateMember = 3;   // Accessible
}

void MyClass::protectedMethod() {
    publicMember = 1;    // Accessible
    protectedMember = 2; // Accessible
    privateMember = 3;   // Accessible
}

void MyClass::privateMethod() {
    publicMember = 1;    // Accessible
    protectedMember = 2; // Accessible
    privateMember = 3;   // Accessible
}

int main() {
    MyClass obj;
    obj.publicMember = 1;    // Accessible
    obj.publicMethod();      // Accessible
    // obj.protectedMember = 2; // Not accessible
    // obj.protectedMethod();  // Not accessible
    // obj.privateMember = 3;  // Not accessible
    // obj.privateMethod();    // Not accessible
    return 0;
}

In this example, we have a class called MyClass with public, protected, and private member variables and member functions. The publicMethod() function can access all members, regardless of their access specifier. The protectedMethod() and privateMethod() functions can also access all members, but only from within the class. Finally, the main() function can access the public members and public method of a MyClass object, but not the protected or private members or methods.