C++ supports several built-in data types, which can be classified into the following categories:
Fundamental Data Types: These are the basic data types that are directly supported by the language. They include:
- Boolean:
bool
(can have the value oftrue
orfalse
) - Character:
char
(represents a single character) - Integer:
int
,short
,long
,long long
(represent whole numbers) - Floating-point:
float
,double
,long double
(represent real numbers)
- Boolean:
Derived Data Types: These are the data types that are derived from fundamental data types. They include:
- Arrays (a collection of elements of the same type)
- Pointers (a variable that holds the memory address of another variable)
- References (an alias for an existing variable)
- Enumerations (a user-defined type consisting of named constants)
User-Defined Data Types: These are the data types that are defined by the user. They include:
- Structures (a collection of variables of different types grouped together under a single name)
- Classes (a user-defined data type that encapsulates data and functions that operate on that data)
- Unions (a data type that allows storage of different data types in the same memory location)
C++ also provides several type modifiers and type qualifiers that can be used to modify the behavior of these data types, such as const
, volatile
, and signed
/unsigned
.
By using these data types and modifiers, C++ allows you to write code that is both efficient and expressive, while also providing strong type safety to catch errors at compile time.
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