In C++, a nested loop is a loop inside another loop. Nested loops are useful when you need to perform repetitive tasks on multi-dimensional data structures like arrays, matrices, or tables. The basic syntax of a nested loop in C++ is as follows:
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < M; j++) {
// code to be executed
}
}
In this example, we have a for
loop nested inside another for
loop. The outer loop iterates over a range of values for the variable i
, and the inner loop iterates over a range of values for the variable j
. The code inside the inner loop is executed for every combination of i
and j
.
Here's an example of a nested loop in C++ that prints a multiplication table:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= 10; j++) {
cout << i * j << "\t";
}
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
In this example, the outer loop iterates over the values 1 to 10 for the variable i
, and the inner loop iterates over the values 1 to 10 for the variable j
. The code inside the inner loop prints the product of i
and j
, separated by a tab character. After the inner loop completes for each value of i
, a new line is printed using the endl
command.
The output of this program will be:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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